HANOI — In a significant political development, Vietnam’s parliament elected military general Luong Cuong as the new state president on 21 October 2024. His election comes during a period of upheaval, marking him as the country’s fourth president in just three years.
Replacing To Lam, who held the presidency for a brief stint amid a crackdown on corruption, Cuong’s appointment has been met with a mix of optimism and caution. Analysts suggest that this change could usher in a phase of relative stability for Vietnamese politics as the country looks towards the upcoming Party Congress in 2026.
A New Era Begins
With a unanimous vote from all 440 attending deputies, Cuong steps into a role that traditionally holds less direct power but is crucial for diplomatic relations. In his inaugural address, he made clear his commitment to enhancing Vietnam’s defence capabilities and fostering a foreign policy that is both independent and multilateral.
- Focus on National Security: Cuong emphasised the need to build a modern and well-trained military.
- Diversification of Arms: Vietnam aims to reduce reliance on Russian-made weaponry, although major deals have been elusive.
Political Implications
Cuong’s rise coincides with a shifting political landscape, particularly following the unexpected death of former General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong in July 2024. Observers see Cuong’s election as a signal of a move back to collective leadership within the Communist Party, countering the trend of concentrating power in the hands of fewer individuals.
According to Nguyen Khac Giang from the ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, the change could lead to institutional reforms aimed at economic growth. This period is crucial as the Communist Party’s leadership reassesses its priorities before the 2026 congress.
What Lies Ahead?
As Vietnam’s political dynamics evolve, the business community hopes that decisions once stalled by political disputes will accelerate. The National Assembly’s upcoming month-long session will address crucial economic laws, including enhancements to energy structure and the much-anticipated high-speed railway.
The new president’s military background raises some eyebrows, as strong men now dominate key positions—two-thirds of the Politburo are linked to military or police backgrounds. This trend raises questions about the future direction of Vietnam’s governance, prompting calls for more reform-oriented leaders moving forward.
In Cuong’s hands now lies the responsibility to navigate this politically charged environment and fulfil the hopes pinned on him by both local and international stakeholders.