Russian President Vladimir Putin’s two-day visit to India commenced on 4 December 2024, marking a significant attempt to bolster defence ties amidst escalating pressure from the United States. Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed the Russian leader at the airport—with a warm hug—highlighting the cordial relationship between the two nations, especially in light of recent geopolitical challenges.
Strengthening Defence Cooperation
Putin’s delegation includes Defence Minister Andrei Belousov and top executives from major Russian firms, indicating that defence discussions will be a focal point. According to Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov, the expansion of Russia’s advanced S-400 air defence systems will feature prominently on the agenda. Indian officials expect talks on co-production of the Su-57 fighter jet as well, further underscoring the deep military ties that have evolved over decades.
- Defence collaboration includes:
- Expansion of the S-400 air defence systems
- Co-production discussions for Su-57 fighter jets
Navigating US Relations
Putin’s visit comes at a time when India is seen walking a diplomatic tightrope. The country has significantly increased its import of Russian oil, becoming a top buyer despite Western sanctions following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. However, concerns loom over how fresh energy and defence agreements with Russia could provoke reactions from US President Donald Trump, who has previously imposed hefty tariffs on Indian goods.
Trade Imbalance and Future Prospects
Trade relations are also anticipated to be a priority in meetings, with bilateral trade surging to a staggering US$68.7 billion in 2024-2025. Despite this, India’s exports to Russia have remained disproportionately low, accounting for only US$4.88 billion. Delhi continues to press for greater access in key sectors like pharmaceuticals and automobiles.
Nandan Unnikrishnan from the Observer Research Foundation highlighted that while energy purchases may reduce due to US pressure, the strategic partnership will endure. This mutual dependence seems to be crucial for both nations at this geopolitical juncture.
Looking Ahead
Experts suggest that 2024’s summit could reset the framework for Indo-Russian relations, with Modi and Putin keenly seeking to assert their nations’ autonomy in a shifting global order. As the two leaders continue their discussions, the world will watch closely how their interactions shape the future of international diplomacy in this critical period.