Indonesia Ambitions for Green Energy
In a recent move to combat climate change, Indonesia’s President Prabowo Subianto has set ambitious targets for phasing out fossil fuels and ramping up renewable energy sources. However, analysts are raising eyebrows about the feasibility of these plans, given the country’s heavy reliance on coal and other non-renewable energy resources.
Commitments Made
- In November 2024, Prabowo announced Indonesia’s plan to phase out coal use within 15 years at the G20 summit.
- He emphasised increasing renewable energy capacity by over 75 gigawatts, planning for a future with 100% renewable energy.
- The goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2050 was reiterated during the COP29 held in Azerbaijan.
Current Energy Landscape
Despite the optimistic outlook, fossil fuels currently dominate Indonesia’s energy mix, comprising over 80% of total energy consumption. Coal alone accounts for 62% of Indonesia’s electricity generation, making any significant shifts a daunting challenge.
The Biodiesel Dilemma
One major component of Prabowo’s plans is to increase the usage of biodiesel, which could lead to deforestation. Greenpeace Indonesia warns that this could replicate environmental issues seen in Brazil’s Amazon, as illicit land clearing for palm oil production continues to pose significant risks.
Nuclear Energy Considerations
Adding further complexity, the government is exploring nuclear energy as a part of its future energy strategy. However, the idea has met with resistance due to Indonesia’s seismic activity—home to the infamous Pacific “Ring of Fire” which raises safety concerns.
Public Skepticism and Potential Solutions
Experts criticise the government’s lack of a seamless transition strategy from fossil fuels to renewables. It’s essential for the administration to consider local needs and maintain transparency throughout its initiatives.
The Path Ahead
Amidst these challenges, analysts suggest Indonesia might benefit most from focusing on solar energy, potentially generating 655 gigawatts if fully harnessed. With public support and effective policies, Indonesia could pave a more sustainable path.